Key takeaways
- Nausea, diarrhea, constipation and vomiting are the most common side effects.
- They are worst when starting or raising the dose.
- Smaller meals, less fat and enough water help most people.
- Severe belly pain, ongoing vomiting or signs of dehydration need prompt care.
Common side effects
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Constipation
- Vomiting
- Indigestion, burping or bloating
- Tiredness
- Feeling full very quickly
These are usually strongest in the first days after a dose increase and often improve within a few weeks.
Tips that help
- Eat smaller meals and stop when you first feel full.
- Limit greasy, fried and very sweet foods.
- Eat slowly and avoid lying down right after eating.
- Drink water through the day.
- Add fiber slowly for constipation.
- Ask your doctor before raising the dose if side effects are strong. Staying at a dose longer is fine.
Less common but serious risks
- Pancreatitis: severe belly pain that may spread to the back
- Gallbladder problems: pain in the upper right belly, fever or yellow skin
- Dehydration and kidney strain from vomiting or diarrhea
- Low blood sugar when used with insulin or sulfonylureas
- Possible risk of thyroid C-cell tumors seen in animal studies
Before surgery
GLP-1 medicines slow stomach emptying. Tell your surgeon and anesthesia team you take one, since they may give special instructions before procedures.
Hair loss and muscle loss
Some people notice hair shedding during fast weight loss. It is usually temporary. Muscle loss can also happen, so protein at every meal and strength training are important.
Next step
Learn more on our page about GLP-1 weight loss in Chicago, or get in touch to request a visit.
From the practice of Dr. Mahwash Siddiqui, MD, DABOM, FACE
Triple board-certified endocrinologist and obesity medicine specialist in Chicago. This article is for general education and is not medical advice.